Simulator of Heart Rate and Respiratory Rate for Monitoring Accuracy of Intelligent Sleep Monitoring Devices / 中国医疗器械杂志

OBJECTIVE@#Invent a simulator which provides a simulation of heart rate and respiratory rate to the intelligent sleep monitoring devices based on precision pressure sensors.@*METHODS@#The simulator was composed of control part and simulated silicone doll. The simulated silicone doll contains heartbeat simulator and breathing simulation airbag. Heartbeat and breathing combination pressure signal can be produced according to frequency set values. Frequencies of pressure signal of the simulator were compared with the monitoring results of intelligent sleep monitoring devices with known accuracy to verify the frequency accuracy of pressure signal of the simulator. Verified the repeatability and stability of the simulator with a stopwatch.@*RESULTS@#The heart rate of the simulator was with in ±2 beats per minute of the monitoring results of intelligent sleep monitoring devices and the respiratory rate of the simulator was with in ±2 times per minute of the monitoring results. The repeatability and stability of the simulator was better than ±5% according to results with a stopwatch.@*CONCLUSIONS@#It's practicable to use the simulator which provides a simulation of heart rate and respiratory rate to the accuracy test of the intelligent sleep monitoring devices based on precision pressure sensor.

Eating self-regulatory skill, diet quantity, and diet quality of Malaysian healthcare university students: A cross-sectional study

@#Introduction: The ability to self-regulate eating can improve health. This study aimed to determine the relationship between eating self-regulatory skills, diet quantity, and diet quality among Malaysian university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 132 university students. Eating self-regulatory skill was assessed using the Self-Regulation of Eating Behaviour Questionnaire (SREBQ). Dietary intakes from two 24-hour dietary recalls were used to assess diet quantity and quality. Diet quantity was measured as energy and macronutrient intakes, analysed using NutritionistPro. Diet quality was measured using the Malaysian Healthy Eating Index (M-HEI). The relationship between eating self-regulatory skills, diet quantity, and diet quality were evaluated using tests for differences between means and multiple linear regression. Results: Male participants (n=47) consumed more energy than female participants (n=85) (Male: 1850±570 kcal/day, Female: 1596±567 kcal/day, p=0.015). Participants from the Nutrition and Dietetics (N&D) course (n=49) had better M-HEI scores than participants from other health courses (n=83) (N&D course: 52.7±10.5, non-N&D course: 47.2±10.7, p=0.005). The predictors of energy intake were gender (β=-0.193, p=0.023) and SREBQ score (β=- 0.223, p=0.009). Being female and having higher eating self-regulatory skills were associated with lower energy intake. The predictors of diet quality were university course (β=0.240, p=0.005) and SREBQ score (β=0.181, p=0.033). Studying N&D and having higher eating self-regulatory skills were associated with higher M-HEI scores. Conclusion: Higher self-regulation of eating behaviour score is a factor that contributes to lower daily energy intake and higher diet quality score.

Expert consensus on antiviral therapy of COVID-19 / 中华临床感染病杂志

COVID-19 is caused by a novel coronavirus-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus type 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which has being spreading around the world, posing a serious threat to human health and lives. Neutralizing antibodies and small molecule inhibitors for virus replication cycle are the main antiviral treatment for novel coronavirus recommended in China. To further promote the rational use of antiviral therapy in clinical practice, the National Center for Infectious Diseases (Beijing Ditan Hospital Capital Medical University and the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine) invited experts in fields of infectious diseases, respiratory and intensive care to develop an Expert Consensus on Antiviral Therapy of COVID-19 based on the Diagnosis and Treatment Guideline for COVID-19 ( trial version 10) and experiences in the diagnosis and treatment of COVID-19 in China. The consensus is concise, practical and highly operable, hopefully it would improve the understanding of antiviral therapy for clinicians and provide suggestions for standardized medication in treatment of COVID-19.

Discussion on Testing and Standard of Blood Pressure Sensor at the Tip of Catheter / 中国医疗器械杂志

With the implementation of the new policy for coronary stent centralized volume purchasing in China, the blood pressure sensor at the tip of the catheter, as one of the essential medical instruments for the diagnosis and treatment of coronary artery disease, will meet the new development opportunity of the industry, a number of medical device companies will actively participate in the development and registration of the catheter tip blood pressure sensor. As an invasive blood pressure sensor, the catheter tip blood pressure sensor should meet the current effective industry standard YY 0781-2010, however, there are many problems when using YY 0781-2010 as a blood pressure sensor because of the difference of product structure and working mode. In this paper, the problems about "Operation Manual", "electrical performance" and "safety requirement" in the course of carrying out YY 0781- 2010 with the blood pressure sensor on the tip of catheter are discussed and analyzed in detail, hope to provide some inspiration for more research and development enterprises of blood pressure sensors on the tip of catheters and inspectors of medical device testing institutions, also hope to be able to contribute to the high-quality development of blood pressure sensor industry at the tip of the Catheter.

Meta-analysis of the incidence of radiation pneumonitis between European, American and Asian populations / 中华放射肿瘤学杂志

Objective:To compare the incidence of radiation pneumonitis (RP) between lung cancer patients from the European, American and Asian regions.Methods:The studies related to lung cancer and RP were searched from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane library. According to the different places where the studies were conducted, the searched studies were divided into two types: Asian studies and European, American and Australian studies. The incidence of RP between two regions was summarized. Studies related to dosimetry parameters were searched from PubMed database.Results:A total of 3, 190 patients from 14studies were included. Meta-analysis results showed that the incidence of ≥ grade 3 RP was similar in patients from Asia and Europe, America and Australia (4.9% vs. 4.6%, P=0.895), whereas the incidence of grade 5 RP in Asia was significantly higher than that in Europe, America and Australia (1.5% vs. 0.2%, P=0.002). Moreover, the lung irradiation dose received by the patients in the Asian group was relatively low. Lung V 20Gy dose limitation standard was reported in 21studies. Further analysis found no statistical significance in lung V 20Gy dose limitation standard between two regions ( P=0.440), and the standard in Asian studies is likely to be even stricter. Conclusions:The incidence of RP after chemoradiotherapy in lung cancer patients in Asia is relatively higher compared with those in Europe, America and Australia. The differences in dose limitation standard should be noted when the thoracic radiation regimen based solely on the data from foreign studies is applied to the patients in Asia.

Clinical analysis of nine cases with critical corona virus disease 2019 in Hainan Province / 中华传染病杂志

Objective:To explore the clinical features of critical cases of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19).Methods:The clinical data of nine patients who were diagnosed with critical COVID-19 in Hainan General Hospital from January 21 to February 6, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. There were eight males and one female enrolled. The patients aged 28 to 77 years old, with an age of (52.9±18.0) years. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was performed with multi-sites synchronize specimens including pharyngeal swab, blood, excrement and urine. The deadline of follow-up was March 4, 2020. The serum levels of leukocyte, C reactive protein, procalcitonin and lactic acid between the improved group (five cases) and the deteriorated group (four cases) were compared. The t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups. Results:Among nine patients, five cases were cured and discharged, three cases died and one case remained in critical condition. All multi-sites specimens of patients in improved group turned negative in 2 to 4 weeks of illness onset, while those of cases in deteriorated group showed sustained viral nucleic acid positive (up to 48th day of illness onset). The white blood cell counts ((13.52±8.24)×10 9/L vs (10.49±4.46)×10 9/L), C reactive protein ((139.71±87.46) mg/L vs (78.60±55.40) mg/L) and procalcitonin ((4.03±2.32) μg/L vs (0.58±0.28) μg/L), lactic acid ((4.14±3.70) mmol/L vs (2.33±0.53) mmol/L) in deteriorated group were all significantly higher than those in improved group ( t=2.908, 5.009, 4.391 and 2.942, respectively, all P<0.01). A rapid rise of serum interleukin-6 level up to 8 500 ng/L was observed in one patient three days prior to death. Conclusion:Among the patients with critical COVID-19, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of the death cases are higher than those of improved and discharged cases.

Clinical analysis of nine cases with critical corona virus disease 2019 in Hainan province / 中华传染病杂志

Objective To explore the clinical features of critical cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Methods The clinical data of nine patients who were diagnosed with critical COVID-19 in Hainan General Hospital from January 21, 2020 to February 6, 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. RT-PCR testing for 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) was performed with multi-sites synchronize specimens including pharyngeal swab, blood, excrement, and urine. The serum levels of leucocyte, C-reactive protein, procalcitonin and lactic acid between the improved group (five cases) and the deteriorated group (four cases) were compared. The t test was used for comparison of normally distributed continuous data between groups. Results There were eight males (88.9%) and 1 female enrolled. The patients aged 28-77 years old, with an age of (52.9±18.0) years. By March 4, 2020, all five cases in improved group were cured and discharged, three cases in deteriorated group died and 1case remained in critical condition. All multi-sites specimens of patients in improved group turned negative in 2-4 weeks of illness onset, while those of cases in deteriorated group showed sustained viral nucleic acid positive (up to 48th day of illness onset). The white blood cell counts ((13.52±8.24)×10 9 /L vs (10.49±4.46) ×10 9 /L), C-reactive protein ((139.71±87.46) mg/L vs (78.60±55.40) mg/L) and procalcitonin ((2.32±4.03) ng/mL vs (0.28±0.58) ng/mL) , lactic acid ((3.70±4.14) mmol/L vs (2.33±0.53) mmol/L) in deteriorated group were all significantly higher than those in improved group ( t =2.908, 5.009, 4.391 and 2.942, respectively, all P <0.01). A rapid rise of serum IL-6 level up to 8 500 pg/mL was observed in one patient three days prior to death. Conclusion Among the patients with critical COVID-19, serum levels of inflammatory cytokines of the death cases are higher than those of improved and discharged cases.

Determination of orcinol glucoside by LC-MS in Curculigo orchioides and its application to a pharmacokinetic study

ABSTRACT This study was designed to explore the pharmacokinetic regularity of the plasma concentration, tissue distribution and excretion of orcinol glucoside from aqueous extracts of raw and processed Curculigo orchioides Gaertn., Hypoxidaceae. The experiment first used an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry approach with multiple reaction monitoring and a positive mode to separate orcinol glucoside from naringin to obtain the plasma concentration curves, bar graph of tissue distribution and excretion curves. These results might be beneficial for reasonable clinical application of C. orchioides and for further development of its wine and salt-processing mechanism.

Thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes for the treatment of large scar with depigmention / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To investigate the clinical outcome of autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes for the treatment of large scar with depigmentation, caused by extensive burn.@*Methods@#From August 2016 to June 2018, autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes was used on 19 patients, who had depigmented extensive burn scar. They include 15 males and 4 females, aged 19-54 years. The operation was performed under general anesthesia or local anesthesia. Local mechanical abrasion was carried out at the depigmented surface of the scar, until the superficial dermis. The thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes was transplanted to the wound at recipient site, followed by package and fixation. The package was kept for two weeks.@*Results@#After a follow-up period of 3-6 months, all the grafts survived well with satisfactory appearance. The defects at donor site healed well too.@*Conclusions@#Satisfactory outcome can be achieved with autologous thin split thickness skin graft with melanocytes for the treatment of depigmented scar caused by extensive burn.

Combination of orbicularis oculi muscular myolemma release and orbital septum reset to create double eyelid / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore a surgical method for the reconstruction of naturally dynamic double eyelid by fully reserving orbicularis oculi muscle.@*Methods@#Incisional double eyelid blepharoplasty were performed on 352 patients. Orbicularis oculi muscle in incisional and pretarsal area were completely preserved. Muscle was elevated from plate by resecting deep muscular myolemma and muscles to form pretarsal myocutaneous flap. Thereafter, the orbital septum was completely exposed. The free end of muscle flap was fixed to a higher position of the levator aponeurosis. The orbital septum was repaired at the same time.@*Results@#From June 2009 to December 2017, 352 patients were performed double eyelid blepharoplasty using above technique. They are 337 females and 15 males. Fifty-two patients were followed up for 6-60 months, with the mean time of 27 months. All the incisions were uneventfully healed. The new double eyelid presented smooth appearance, and the so-called " sausage" phenomena were not noticed. There was no concave groove or step-like deformity when eyes closed. Forty-five patients were satisfied with the outcomes. Two patients had shallower supratarsal folds on one side, and 1 patient underwent secondary repair. Two patients complained about asymmetry. Two patients suffered from mild unilateral eyelash eversion (without need of reparation).@*Conclusions@#The combined application of deep and superficial myolemma release of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and orbital septum reset, could create a double eyelid with natural and dynamic appearance.

Combination of orbicularis oculi muscular myolemma release and orbital septum reset to create double eyelid / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To explore a surgical method for the reconstruction of naturally dynamic double eyelid by fully reserving orbicularis oculi muscle.@*Methods@#Incisional double eyelid blepharoplasty were performed on 352 patients. Orbicularis oculi muscle in incisional and pretarsal area were completely preserved. Muscle was elevated from plate by resecting deep muscular myolemma and muscles to form pretarsal myocutaneous flap. Thereafter, the orbital septum was completely exposed. The free end of muscle flap was fixed to a higher position of the levator aponeurosis. The orbital septum was repaired at the same time.@*Results@#From June 2009 to December 2017, 352 patients were performed double eyelid blepharoplasty using above technique. They are 337 females and 15 males. Fifty-two patients were followed up for 6-60 months, with the mean time of 27 months. All the incisions were uneventfully healed. The new double eyelid presented smooth appearance, and the so-called " sausage" phenomena were not noticed. There was no concave groove or step-like deformity when eyes closed. Forty-five patients were satisfied with the outcomes. Two patients had shallower supratarsal folds on one side, and 1 patient underwent secondary repair. Two patients complained about asymmetry. Two patients suffered from mild unilateral eyelash eversion (without need of reparation).@*Conclusions@#The combined application of deep and superficial myolemma release of the orbicularis oculi muscle, and orbital septum reset, could create a double eyelid with natural and dynamic appearance.

Natural sideburn reconstruction with retroauricular expanded flap with original hairline / 中华整形外科杂志

Objective@#To introduce a reconstruction procedure of natural sideburn, with combined expanded retroauricular flap and scalp flap.@*Methods@#A retrospective study was produced in Plastic Surgery Hospital, PUMC, from January 2014 to December 2017. Twenty patients (21 sides) underwent sideburn reconstruction with combined expanded retroauricular flap and scalp flap (double pedicled flap, n=3; single pedicled flap, n=17) were included in this study. There were 12 male (12 sides) and 8 female (9 sides), with the mean age of (23.8±3.2) years. The sideburn defect was caused by burn in 19 patients, and it was resulted from hemangioma in 1 patient.@*Results@#The size of flaps ranges from 8 cm×12 cm to 10 cm×16 cm. Venous congestion at the distal end of the flap occurred in 1 patient, which was cured after dressing change, and the sideburn was not affected. The reconstructed sideburns are natural, symmetric, and without obvious scar. The follow-up time was 3-40 months. Fourteen patients were very satisfied with the reconstructed sideburn, and 6 patients were satisfied. No severe complication was observed during follow-up time.@*Conclusions@#The combined retroauricular flap and scalp flap is an alternative method for sideburn reconstruction, which provide natural hair distribution, inconspicuous scars and less complications.

Rho/ROCK signaling pathway and anti-cryodamage ability of human sperm / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the influence of the Rho/ROCK signaling pathway on the anti-cryodamage ability of human sperm and provide some theoretical evidence for the development of high-efficiency semen cryoprotectants.@*METHODS@#We collected semen samples from 25 healthy males, each divided into a fresh, a normal cryopreservation control and an Rho-inhibition group. Before and after freezing, we detected sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity, morphology, DNA fragmentation index (DFI), acrosomal enzyme activity (AEA) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) and determined the expressions of RhoA and ROCK proteins in the sperm by immunofluorescence staining.@*RESULTS@#Compared with the normal cryopreservation control, the frozen-thawed sperm of the Rho-inhibition group showed significantly increased sperm motility （ ［51.20 ± 7.70］% vs ［57.50 ± 6.83］%, P = 0.002), survival rate ( ［52.87 ± 5.07］% vs ［60.24 ± 5.53］%, P = 0.001), membrane integrity (［59.78±5.56］% vs ［67.10 ± 4.43］%, P = 0.001), percentage of morphologically normal sperm (［4.83 ± 1.11］% vs ［7.46 ± 1.28］, P = 0.001) and MMP (56.30 ± 4.28 vs 63.11 ± 2.97, P = 0.001), but decreased DFI (［27.64 ± 6.64］% vs ［18.87 ± 4.07］%, P = 0.001). There was no statistically significant difference in the AEA of the frozen-thawed sperm between the control and Rho-inhibition groups (97.65 ± 9.31 vs 98.30 ± 11.33, P > 0.05). Immunofluorescence staining revealed extensive expressions of RhoA and ROCK proteins in the head and neck of the sperm.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The Rho/ROCK signaling pathway plays a role in the cryodamage to human sperm, and inhibiting the activity of Rho/ROCK can significantly improve the ability of sperm to resist cryodamage.

Epidemiology of nosocomial infection in recipients after renal transplantation: a single-center analysis / 器官移植

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of renal transplantation recipients, effective prevention and control measures. Methods A total of 456 renal transplant recipients were monitored from January 2014 to December 2017. Postoperative infection including baseline data, infection site and infectious pathogen type was analyzed. Results Among 456 renal transplant recipients, 78 cases (17.1%) developed nosocomial infection. Postoperative infection time was 9(3-21) d. Infection sites mainly included the lower respiratory tract, urinary system and blood infection. Infection pathogens consisted of Staphylococci (n=13), Enterococcus faecium (n=6), fungi (n=6), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (n=4), Acinetobacter baumannii (n=4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=4), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n=4), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n=1), Escherichia coli (n=1) and other negative bacteria (n=9). Among them, 11 cases (14%) were infected with multi-drug resistant bacteria, and 4 cases died. Conclusions In renal transplant recipients, the incidence of nosocomial infection is relatively high, with early postoperative onset, common multiple drug-resistant bacterial infection and high mortality. Preoperative preparations should be fully implemented, postoperative lower respiratory tract infection should be actively prevented and prevention and treatment measures for multidrug-resistant bacteria should be standardized.

Study on sleep quality status and its relationship with cardiovascular disease in rural elderly in Ning’er county, Yunnan province / 中华疾病控制杂志

Objective To analyze the sleep quality status and its relationship with cardiovascular disease in rural elderly in Yunnan Province. Methods Multistage stratified random sampling method was used to select 1629 residents aged 60 years and over from Ning Er County in Yunnan province. Each participant received questionnaire survey and physical examination. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to analyze the relationship between sleep quality status and cardiovascular disease. Results Among the study population, the overall Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score was 7.48±3.89,and was 6.67±3.69 for males and 8.07±3.92 for females. The prevalence of sleep disorder, hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke were 56.78%, 52.85%, 8.16% and 8.66%, respectively. Females had higher prevalence of sleep disorder than males (62.81% and 48.55%，P<0.001). The elderly with lower annual average family per capital income and bad access to medical services had higher prevalence of sleep disorder than their counterparts (P<0.001).The elderly with sleep disorder was more likely to suffer from hypertension, coronary heart disease and stroke (P<0.05). Conclusion The prevalence of sleep disorder is high in rural elderly in Yunnan Province. Improving sleep quality among the elderly can prevent and control cardiovascular diseases to a certain degree.

Influence of ox-LDL on migration function of THP-1 macrophages and microRNA21 expression and MAPK pathway phosphorylation / 心血管康复医学杂志

Objective :To explore influence of oxidized low density lipoprotein (ox-LDL ) on migration function of THP-1 macrophages ,expression of microRNA 21 (miR-21) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) path-way.Methods :Phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) of 160nmol/L was used to induce THP-1 cells to differentiate into macrophages.According to application of ox-LDL treatment and liposomes-mediated miR-21 inhibitor transfecting THP-1 macrophages (transfection for short) or not ,THP-1 macrophages were divided into blank control group (re-ceived neither ox-LDL treatment nor transfection ) ,ox-LDL group (received 50mg/L ox-LDL treatment without transfection) ,miR-21 inhibitor group (received 50mg/L ox-LDL treatment after transfection ) and miR-21 inhibitor negative-control group (received 50mg/L ox-LDL treatment after negative-control transfection ).THP-1 macro-phage migration number was measured by transwell method ,miR-21 expression was measured by real-time quantita-tive PCR ,and expression of dual specific phosphate 8 (DUSP-8) and phosphorylation level of MAPK pathway were measured by Western-blot method .Results :Compared with blank control group ,there were significant rise in mi-gration number of THP-1 macrophages [(74.10 ± 15.10) vs.(184.10 ± 26.28)] ,miR-21 expression [(1.00 ± 0.21) vs.(2.02 ± 0.27)] and phosphorylation levels of JNK and P38 protein ,and significant reduction in expression of DUSP-8 protein in ox-LDL group ,P＜0.01 all.Compared with ox-LDL group ,there were significant reductions in migration number of THP-1 macrophages [ (184.10 ± 26.28) vs.(58.50 ± 10.24)] ,miR-21 expression [ (2.02 ± 0.27) vs.(0.66 ± 0.16)] and phosphorylation levels of JNK and P38 protein ,and significant rise in expression of DUSP-8 protein in ox-LDL group , P＜0. 01 all .Conclusion : Ox-LDL enhances migration function of macrophages , which may be related to its effects of upregulating miR-21 expression ,enhancing phosphorylation of JNK and P38 protein of MAPK pathway and reducing DUSP-8 expression .

Epidemiological study on nosocomial infection after liver transplantation from organ donation after death / 中华器官移植杂志

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of nosocomial infection after liver transplantation from organ donation after death of citizens,and to provide evidence for the development of effective prevention and control strategies.Methods Targeted monitoring was conducted on liver transplantation patients in a hospital from January 1,2014 to December 31,2017,and then descriptive statistical analyses were carried out on postoperative infection after liver transplantation.Results The nosocomial infection occurred in 118 cases (55.40％) among 213 cases of liver transplantation.The infection sites were lower respiratory tract,blood system,and intraabdominal infection,accounting for 40.30％,22.39％,and 19.40％,respectively.186 strains of pathogens were isolated,mainly including gram-positive cocci (including 113 strains,60.75％),followed by gram-negative bacilli (56 strains,30.11％) and fungi (17 strains,9.14％).There was significant difference in the infection of the respiratory tract,post-operative wounds and other part s (P＜(0.05).The most common pathogens were Enterococcus faecium,Staphylococcus,Klebsiella Pneumoniae,and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,accounting for 15.05％,15.05％,10.22％ and 9.69％,respectively.There was significant difference in Gram-negative Bacillus,fungi strains,Acinetobacter strains,Enterococcus faecium strains,Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and staphylococcus (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion The patients after liver transplantation from organ donation after death have a high incidence of nosocomial infection.The infection was mainly distributed in the lower respiratory tract and blood system,and predominantly caused by bacteria and fungi.Infection surveillance of liver transplant patients should be strengthened and comprehensively effective prevention and control measures for nosocomial infection should be developed.

Disinfection efficacy of slightly acidic hypochlorous water on object surface of hemodialysis room / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To evaluate disinfection efficacy of slightly acidic hypochlorous water (SAHW) on object surfaces of hemodialysis room. Methods 30 dialysis units in the hemodialysis room were dividea into two groups (trichloroisocyanuric acid group and SAHW group) by random number table method, 15 dialysis units in each group. Trichloroisocyanuric acid group disinfected object surface of each hemodialysis unit with trichloroisocyanuric acid containing 500 mg/L available chlorine, and SAHW group disinfected with SAHW. The colony counts on object surface after 4 hour disinfection were detected, the qualified status and killing of multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs) between two disinfection methods were compared. Results After bedrails, screens of dialysis machine, and knobs of dialysis machine were disinfected by trichloroisocyanuric acid containing 500 mg/L available chlorine and SAHW respectively, the qualified rates of trichloroisocyanuric acid group were 90.00％, 80.00％, and 90.00％ respectively. SAHW group were 100.00％, 96.67％, and 100. 00％ respectively, difference was not significant between two disinfection methods(both P＞0.05). SAHW disinfection testing showed that the killing rates of SAHW to four MDROs were both 100％. Conclusion Disinfection efficacy of SAHW is the same as that of trichloroisocyanuric acid containing 500 mg/L available chlorine, and has high killing effect on the common MDROs in the hemodialysis room.

The critical issues on strengthening management of nuclear medicine equipment in China: Innovating ideas and improving mode-- The series report of specialized commi ttee of nuclear medical equipment and technique of China association of medical equi pment (Ⅰ) / 中国医学装备

Equipment management is one of essential preconditions in the development of imaging specialty. In recent years, nuclear medicine in China comes into a fast development with introduction of several novel equipment. These upgrading and updating proposes new requirement for corresponding management. The new nuclear medicine specialized committee of China Association of Medical Equipment has been established in 2017, the new organization will provide better platform for the management of new type and large type equipment of diagnosis and treatment of nuclear medicine. The main problems that nuclear medical equipment is facing and its current status need innovative ideas and improving mode. New specialized committee will propose solving ideas based on existing insufficient in the relative management so as to confirm main task of nuclear medical equipment management.

Prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection and antimicrobial use in Hubei Province in 2010-2014 / 中国感染控制杂志

Objective To study the changing trend of prevalence rates of healthcare-associated infection (HAI) and antimicrobial use in hospitalized patients in medical institutions of Hubei Province,and provide a scientific basis for improving HAI management.Methods The cross-sectional survey results of HAI in Hubei Province in 2010, 2012,and 2014 were analyzed.Results The prevalence rates of HAI in 2010,2012,and 2014 were 3.48%(1526/43909),3.03%(1919/63320),and 2.86%(2174/76145)respectively,which showed a downward trend,differ-ence was statistically significant(χ2 =36.44,P <0.01).Antimicrobial usage rate decreased from 54.29% (23838/43909)in 2010 to 41.02% (31238/76145)in 2014,difference was statistically significant(χ2 =2194.09,P <0.01).Among patients receiving therapeutic use of antimicrobial agents,the specimen detection rate increased from 30.49% (4297/14091)in 2010 to 52.13% (10556/20248)in 2014 (χ2 =1593.98,P <0.01).Conclusion The prevalence rate of HAI showed a downward trend in Hubei Province,cross-sectional survey on antimicrobial use showed a gradual decrease.